Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL)
The UAE's federal personal data protection law, Federal Decree by Law No. (45) of 2021, in force since 2 January 2022 for controllers and processors in onshore UAE and for those abroad processing data of people in the UAE (government, health and banking data under their own laws, and the DIFC and ADGM free zones, are outside it). It requires consent or one of ten listed grounds for processing, seven processing controls, provable and withdrawable consent, privacy by design and default, records of processing kept by controllers and processors, processor contracts, breach notification to the UAE Data Office and to affected people, a data protection officer where processing is high risk, eight data subject rights, security to international standards, impact assessments, and conditions for transfers abroad. Its Executive Regulations, penalty decision and six-month regularisation period were still outstanding in the sources checked in September 2026. Built from the Decree-Law's own text.
Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) is a compliance framework from United Arab Emirates (onshore; excludes DIFC and ADGM) with 7 domains and 45 controls that map to 285 other frameworks. The largest domains are Articles 7 and 8: controller and processor obligations – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) (13 controls), Articles 13 to 19: data subject rights – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) (9 controls), Articles 4 to 6: lawful processing, processing controls and consent – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) (9 controls). Every control below carries what it requires and what an assessor expects to see.
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Framework Domains (7)
Article 9: personal data breach reporting – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::9(1) | Article 9(1): notifying the Office of a breach with the prescribed content |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::9(2) | Article 9(2): informing affected data subjects |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::9(3) | Article 9(3): processor tells the controller as soon as it becomes aware |
Articles 10 to 12: the data protection officer – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::10(1) | Articles 10(1) and 10(2): appointing a data protection officer where required |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::10(3) | Article 10(3): publishing DPO contact details and notifying the Office |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::11 | Article 11: the data protection officer's tasks and confidentiality |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::12(1) | Article 12(1): supporting and protecting the data protection officer |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::12(2) | Article 12(2): data subjects can contact the DPO directly |
Articles 13 to 19: data subject rights – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::13(1) | Articles 13(1) and 13(3): right to receive information on request, and the refusal grounds |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::13(2) | Article 13(2): information given before processing starts |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::14 | Article 14: right to data portability |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::15(1) | Article 15(1): right to correct or complete personal data |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::15(2) | Articles 15(2) and 15(3): right to erasure and its exceptions |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::16 | Article 16: right to restrict processing |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::17 | Article 17: right to object to and stop processing |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::18 | Article 18: automated decisions, including profiling |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::19 | Article 19: clear ways to contact the controller |
Articles 20 and 21: security and impact assessment – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::20(1) | Article 20(1): security measures to the highest standard suited to the risk |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::20(2) | Article 20(2): evaluating the security level against processing risks |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::21(1) | Articles 21(1) and 21(2): impact assessment before high-risk processing |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::21(3) | Articles 21(3) to 21(7): assessment content, DPO coordination and regular review |
Articles 22 and 23: cross-border transfer and sharing – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::22 | Article 22: transfers to places with an adequate level of protection |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::23 | Article 23: transfers where adequate protection is not available |
Articles 4 to 6: lawful processing, processing controls and consent – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::4 | Article 4: no processing without consent unless a listed case applies |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::5(1) | Article 5(1): fair, transparent and lawful processing |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::5(2) | Article 5(2): specified purpose and compatible further processing |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::5(3) | Article 5(3): data sufficient and limited to what the purpose needs |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::5(4) | Articles 5(4) and 5(5): accuracy, updating and correcting or deleting wrong data |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::5(6) | Article 5(6): data kept securely against breach and unauthorised processing |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::5(7) | Article 5(7): no retention after the purpose is exhausted, except anonymised |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::6(1) | Article 6(1): valid consent that the controller can prove |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::6(2) | Article 6(2): withdrawal of consent at any time |
Articles 7 and 8: controller and processor obligations – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::7(1) | Article 7(1): controller's technical and organisational protection measures |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::7(2) | Article 7(2): protection by design, including pseudonymisation |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::7(3) | Article 7(3): protection by default |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::7(4) | Article 7(4): the controller's record of personal data |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::7(5) | Article 7(5): appointing only processors with sufficient guarantees |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::7(6) | Article 7(6): providing information to the Office on a judicial decision |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::8(1) | Article 8(1): processing only on the controller's instructions under a contract |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::8(10) | Article 8(10): several processors bound by a written allocation of roles |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::8(2) | Article 8(2): processor protection by design |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::8(3) | Articles 8(3) and 8(4): processing period, extension and erasure at the end |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::8(5) | Articles 8(5) and 8(6): processor confidentiality and security of processing and media |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::8(7) | Article 8(7): the processor's record of processing on behalf of controllers |
| federal-decree-law-no-45-of-2021-on-the-protection-of-personal-data-uae-pdpl::8(8) | Articles 8(8) and 8(9): demonstrating compliance and following Office rules |
Your Compliance Coverage
If you comply with Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL), you already cover:
GDPR
16%
9 controls mapped
Compare →Vietnam PDPD
16%
9 controls mapped
Compare →Turkey KVKK
16%
9 controls mapped
Compare →+ 282 more: Texas Data Privacy and Security Act (TDPSA) (16%), Taiwan PDPA (16%)
See all 285 mapped frameworks ↓Maps to 285 other frameworks
Coverage is not the same as your position
This page shows what Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) overlaps with in general. Where your organisation actually stands, against the standard you are going for and the certifications you already hold, is a different question. Same graph and the same recorded refutations, scoped to you rather than to a pair.
The Compliance Position Diagnostic, $5,000 fixed, ten business daysWhat is Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) and who does it apply to?
Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) is a compliance framework from United Arab Emirates (onshore; excludes DIFC and ADGM) with 7 domains and 45 controls. The UAE's federal personal data protection law, Federal Decree by Law No. (45) of 2021, in force since 2 January 2022 for controllers and processors in onshore UAE and for those abroad processing data of people in the UAE (government, health and banking data under their own laws, and the DIFC and ADGM free zones, are outside it). It requires consent or one of ten listed grounds for processing, seven processing controls, provable and withdrawable consent, privacy by design and default, records of processing kept by controllers and processors, processor contracts, breach notification to the UAE Data Office and to affected people, a data protection officer where processing is high risk, eight data subject rights, security to international standards, impact assessments, and conditions for transfers abroad. Its Executive Regulations, penalty decision and six-month regularisation period were still outstanding in the sources checked in September 2026. Built from the Decree-Law's own text. It is used by organisations to establish and maintain compliance with industry standards and regulatory requirements.
What does Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) actually require?
Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) has 45 controls organised across 7 domains. The largest domains are Articles 7 and 8: controller and processor obligations – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) (13 controls), Articles 13 to 19: data subject rights – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) (9 controls), Articles 4 to 6: lawful processing, processing controls and consent – Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) (9 controls). Each control defines specific requirements that organisations must implement to achieve compliance.
If I already comply with another framework, how much of Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) do I already cover?
Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) maps to 285 other compliance frameworks. The top mapping partners are GDPR (16% coverage), Vietnam PDPD (16% coverage), Turkey KVKK (16% coverage). Use our comparison tool to explore control-level mappings between frameworks.
How do I implement Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL)?
Start your Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) compliance journey by running a self-assessment on our platform to identify your current compliance posture. Our AI advisory can answer specific questions about Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 on the Protection of Personal Data (UAE PDPL) requirements, and cross-framework mapping helps you leverage existing controls from other frameworks you may already comply with. Create a free account to access all 45 controls and track your progress.
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