Surface impoundments must have a liner preventing migration during the active life (unless an alternative design with location characteristics is shown to prevent migration); new units, lateral expansions and replacements begun after January 29 or July 29, 1992 need two or more liners (a top geomembrane liner and a composite bottom liner) with a leachate collection and removal system between them acting as leak detection (bottom slope of one percent or more, own sumps and pumps), unless an equivalent alternative or a monofill waiver is approved; impoundments must be designed and operated against overtopping (overfilling, wind and wave action, rainfall, run-on, level control malfunctions) with structurally sound dikes (264.221). The Regional Administrator sets an action leakage rate for double-lined units (264.222) and an approved response action plan must exist before waste is received; on exceedance the owner notifies in writing within 7 days, gives a preliminary assessment within 14 days, locates the leak and decides on curtailing receipt, removal, repair or closure, and reports monthly on results (264.223). Liners and covers are inspected during construction; operating impoundments are inspected weekly and after storms for overtopping deterioration, sudden level drops and dike severe erosion; a qualified engineer certifies dike integrity before permitting and after six months out of service; leak detection sumps are monitored weekly (264.226). A leaking impoundment or failing dike must be removed from service, flow stopped, leaks contained and, if needed, emptied, and cannot be restored without repair and, for existing portions, a compliant liner (264.227). At closure all waste and contaminated materials are removed or decontaminated, or liquids eliminated, remaining waste stabilised and a final cover installed with post-closure care as a landfill; contingent plans are needed where liners are not compliant (264.228). Ignitable, reactive or incompatible wastes are allowed only under stated conditions (264.229, 264.230); F020 to F023, F026 and F027 dioxin wastes need an approved management plan (264.231); Subparts BB and CC apply (264.232).
The graph holds this control, the 0 it maps to, and the evidence behind each claim, over MCP and REST.