Before work, controls must be applied to identified hazards. If elimination is not achievable, the hierarchy must be used to choose the controls that most effectively reduce risk: eliminate (switch off and isolate, rescheduling if needed); substitute (for example battery tools instead of mains); separate or isolate with barriers or distance; engineering controls (design, automation, local isolation, containment, RCDs); administrative controls (policy, procedures including SWMS, safe practices, signage, training); and PPE last, never as the first line of defence. Combinations of controls are normal, adjusted for task duration and location. Risk control procedures must follow the decision flow of Figure 2.4 (isolate if possible, reschedule if it cannot be isolated now, otherwise barriers, safety equipment, PPE or a safety observer) and be reviewed before work under Figure 2.5 (develop the SWMS, re-assess at site, update if changed, stop and reassess if conditions change).
The graph holds this control, the 0 it maps to, and the evidence behind each claim, over MCP and REST.