China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL)
The Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL), effective November 1, 2021, is China's comprehensive personal information protection legislation. It establishes rules for personal information processing, cross-border data transfers, individual rights, and enforcement by the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC). Applies to processing of personal information of natural persons within China, and extraterritorially to processing outside China targeting or analysing behaviour of individuals within China.
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Framework Domains (6)
Cross-Border Data Transfer (Chapter III)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| Art. 38 | Processing in Employment Context |
| Art. 39 | Compensation for Damages |
| Art. 40 | Establishment and Composition |
| Art. 43 | Mediation of Disputes |
General Provisions (Chapter I)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| Art. 1-3 | Scope and Applicability |
| Art. 4-5 | Definitions and Core Principles |
| Art. 6-7 | Purpose Limitation and Minimization |
| Art. 8-9 | Transparency and Data Quality |
Handler Obligations (Chapter V)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| Art. 51 | Entry into Force |
| Art. 52 | Appropriate Safeguards |
| Art. 53 | Administrative Misconducts |
| Art. 54 | Transfer to Third Countries |
| Art. 55 | Repeal of Prior Law |
Individual Rights (Chapter IV)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| Art. 44 | Right to Effective Judicial Remedy |
| Art. 45 | Data Protection Officer |
| Art. 46 | Administrative Fines |
| Art. 47 | Existing Legal Procedures |
| Art. 48 | Criminal Penalties |
| Art. 49 | Collective Dispute Resolution |
Legal Liability (Chapter VII)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| Art. 66 | Administrative Penalties |
| Art. 67 | Inspection Powers |
| Art. 69 | Civil Liability |
| Art. 70 | Criminal Penalties for False Consent |
| Art. 71 | Criminal Penalties for Unlawful Processing |
Personal Information Handling Rules (Chapter II)
| Code | Title |
|---|---|
| Art. 13 | Data Security and Privacy |
| Art. 14-16 | Consent Requirements |
| Art. 17-19 | Information and Notification Obligations |
| Art. 23-25 | Joint Processing and Delegation |
| Art. 28-32 | Sensitive Personal Information Processing |
| Art. 31 | Designation of Chief Privacy Officer |
Maps to 600 other frameworks
Frequently Asked Questions
What is China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL)?
China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) is a compliance framework from China with 6 domains and 30 controls. The Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL), effective November 1, 2021, is China's comprehensive personal information protection legislation. It establishes rules for personal information processing, cross-border data transfers, individual rights, and enforcement by the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC). Applies to processing of personal information of natural persons within China, and extraterritorially to processing outside China targeting or analysing behaviour of individuals within China. It is used by organisations to establish and maintain compliance with industry standards and regulatory requirements.
How many controls does China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) have?
China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) has 30 controls organised across 6 domains. The largest domains are Individual Rights (Chapter IV) (6 controls), Personal Information Handling Rules (Chapter II) (6 controls), Handler Obligations (Chapter V) (5 controls). Each control defines specific requirements that organisations must implement to achieve compliance.
What frameworks does China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) map to?
China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) maps to 600 other compliance frameworks. The top mapping partners are Chile Personal Data Protection Law (Law No. 21.719) (50% coverage), ASEAN Data Management Framework (50% coverage), South Korea PIPA (50% coverage). Use our comparison tool to explore control-level mappings between frameworks.
How do I get started with China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) compliance?
Start your China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) compliance journey by running a self-assessment on our platform to identify your current compliance posture. Our AI advisory can answer specific questions about China Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) requirements, and cross-framework mapping helps you leverage existing controls from other frameworks you may already comply with. Create a free account to access all 30 controls and track your progress.
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