The fourth dimension covers how the organization's parts work together in a joined-up, coordinated way so value can be created, setting out the activities, workflows, controls and procedures required to meet agreed objectives. The service value chain is the generic operating model and value streams are particular patterns of it: a value stream is the sequence of steps used to create and deliver a product or service, and a process is a set of linked activities that turn inputs into outputs, spelled out in procedures and work instructions. Organizations map their value streams, strip out waste that adds no value, optimize through automation and new ways of working, define value streams for each product and service and keep improving them, answering for each service what its delivery model is, which value streams produce its outputs, and who or what carries out the actions.
The graph holds this control, the 0 it maps to, and the evidence behind each claim, over MCP and REST.