Directive (EU) 2023/970 on pay transparency PTD-Art.18: Shift of burden of proof

Where workers establish facts from which it may be presumed there has been direct or indirect pay discrimination, it shall be for the employer to prove that there has been no such discrimination; where an employer failed to comply with the transparency obligations, the burden shifts to the employer in the relevant proceedings.

Maintained by Gerard BlokdykVerified against the published standard 31 May 2026Control text last updated 21 May 2026

Other controls in Pay Transparency: Remedies and Enforcement

PTD-Art.12 Data protection
PTD-Art.13 Social dialogue
PTD-Art.14 Defence of rights
PTD-Art.15 Procedures on behalf or in support of workers
PTD-Art.16 Right to compensation
PTD-Art.17 Other remedies
PTD-Art.19 Proof of equal work or work of equal value
PTD-Art.20 Access to evidence

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MCP endpoint All Directive (EU) 2023/970 on pay transparency controls