Governs asbestos exposure in all construction work, including demolition, removal, encapsulation, renovation, repair, installation, spill cleanup and on-site handling of waste. Asphalt roof coatings, cements and mastics that contain asbestos are excluded. ACM is material with more than 1% asbestos, and thermal system insulation (TSI) and surfacing material in buildings built no later than 1980 is presumed ACM (PACM) unless rebutted. Class I removes TSI or surfacing ACM/PACM; Class II removes other ACM (wallboard, floor tile, roofing, siding, mastics); Class III is repair or maintenance likely to disturb ACM; Class IV is contact without disturbance and debris cleanup. Limits: an 8-hour TWA of 0.1 f/cc and an excursion limit of 1.0 f/cc over 30 minutes, measured by the mandatory Appendix A reference method (filter, pump, blank, counting and lab quality rules, including round robins at least every 6 months) or an equivalent. On multi-employer sites the asbestos employer informs others, the source controller abates hazards, neighbours check containment daily, and the general contractor enforces compliance. Regulated areas, demarcated and signed, limited to authorized persons, free of eating, drinking and smoking, and supervised by a competent person, are needed for Class I to III work and wherever a PEL may be exceeded. A competent person assesses exposure immediately before or at the start of each operation; for Class I work exposure above both limits is presumed until monitoring or a negative exposure assessment (objective data, monitoring of a comparable job within 12 months, or initial monitoring of the current job) shows otherwise. Class I and II work needs daily monitoring unless a negative assessment covers the operation; other work above a PEL is monitored periodically, and again after any relevant change. Results reach employees within 5 working days. All work uses HEPA vacuums, wet methods and prompt cleanup into leak-tight containers, then engineering controls and, if still needed, respirators. Banned: unventilated high-speed abrasive disc saws, compressed air without a capture enclosure, dry sweeping or shoveling, and employee rotation. Class I jobs need competent person supervision, critical barriers or verified isolation (above 25 linear or 10 square feet, when no negative assessment exists, or with workers adjacent), HVAC sealed with double 6 mil plastic, impermeable dropcloths, and a listed method: negative pressure enclosure (4 or more air changes hourly, -0.02 inches of water, smoke-tested each shift), glove bags (6 mil, single use, not over 150 F, at least two workers), negative pressure glove bags or boxes, water spray systems (40 extra training hours, at least three operators) or mini-enclosures. Unlisted Class I methods need written certification by a CIH or PE project designer. Class II uses barriers indoors in defined cases plus set practices by material type, or alternatives a competent person certifies in writing. Class III uses wet methods, local exhaust where feasible and isolation when cutting TSI or surfacing; Class IV needs awareness-trained staff. Respirators are required for Class I work, listed Class II to IV cases, exposure over a limit and emergencies, under a 1910.134 program; filtering facepieces are barred, HEPA filters required, PAPRs given on request, and Class I without a negative assessment needs a PAPR or supplied-air unit (pressure-demand with SCBA above 1 f/cc). Protective clothing, needed above a limit, without a required negative assessment or on Class I jobs exceeding 25 linear or 10 square feet, is checked each shift. Those larger Class I jobs need a three-room decontamination unit; smaller Class I jobs, and Class II or III work over a PEL or without a negative assessment, need a dropcloth equipment area. Owners identify ACM/PACM before work and notify bidders, their staff, other employers and tenants; employers inform owners and adjacent employers, report what remains within 10 days of finishing and new finds within 24 hours, post signs and label products and waste. Regulated-area signs, placed so they can be read before entry, carry the legend DANGER, ASBESTOS, MAY CAUSE CANCER, CAUSES DAMAGE TO LUNGS, AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY, with WEAR RESPIRATORY PROTECTION AND PROTECTIVE CLOTHING IN THIS AREA added where respirators and clothing are required; labels on asbestos products, their containers and bags of clothing, waste and debris read DANGER, CONTAINS ASBESTOS FIBERS, MAY CAUSE CANCER, CAUSES DAMAGE TO LUNGS, DO NOT BREATHE DUST, AVOID CREATING DUST (not needed for bound fibers shown not to release above a limit, or products under 1% asbestos). Employees nearby must understand the signs, using other languages or pictographs where needed. Housekeeping uses HEPA vacuums and sealed, labeled impermeable waste containers; asbestos flooring is never sanded, and finishes are stripped wet with low abrasion pads below 300 rpm. Training is free, before assignment and at least annually: EPA worker-course equivalent for Class I and barrier Class II work, and at least 8, 16 and 2 hours for listed Class II materials, Class III and Class IV. Medical surveillance covers anyone doing Class I to III work or exposed at or above a PEL for 30 or more days a year: exams before negative-pressure respirator assignment, within 10 working days after the 30th day and at least annually, with the Appendix D questionnaire, FVC and FEV1, and chest X-rays at physician discretion classified under mandatory Appendix E (ILO 2011 guidelines, B-Reader or equivalent); the written opinion goes to the employee within 30 days. Records: exposure 30 years, medical employment plus 30 years, training 1 year past employment, objective and rebuttal data while relied on; owners keep notification records for as long as they own the building and pass them to the next owner. The competent person inspects Class I jobs at least once per shift and on request, and holds EPA supervisor-level training for Class I and II work.
The graph holds this control, the 0 it maps to, and the evidence behind each claim, over MCP and REST.