The institution controls credit card credit and fraud losses through the authorisation process that declines over-limit, delinquent or reported-stolen cards, address verification and the other fraud tools the booklet describes, understands the consumer protections of Regulation E and Regulation Z and the networks' zero liability programs under which the issuer or merchant bears fraud losses, the merchant's minimum authorisation, signature or imprint duties enforced through chargebacks, and the issuer liability shift for card-not-present transactions authenticated under the networks' procedures.
The graph holds this control, the 0 it maps to, and the evidence behind each claim, over MCP and REST.