34 CFR 99.60 to 99.67 enforcement + complaint procedures. ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITY: the SPPO within the Department of Education is responsible for investigating FERPA complaints + taking enforcement action. COMPLAINT FILING: any parent + eligible student + or third party may file a written complaint with the SPPO within 180 days of the alleged violation. INVESTIGATION (99.62-65): the SPPO investigates complaints + may request information from the institution + the complainant; the SPPO determines whether a violation occurred + provides the institution with findings + an opportunity to respond + a period of voluntary compliance. ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS (99.66-67): if voluntary compliance is not achieved, the Secretary of Education may take action including: (a) withholding of further payments under any applicable program; (b) issuing complaints to compel compliance through cease + desist orders; (c) terminating eligibility for federal funding (the SOLE STATUTORY REMEDY for FERPA violations - no private right of action under Gonzaga University v. Doe 536 US 273 2002). The SPPO maintains public TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE LETTERS + PTAC GUIDANCE documenting interpretations + enforcement decisions. 2024-2025 trends: increased focus on edtech vendors + cloud + AI/ML systems + data breach + state-law coordination.
The graph holds this control, the 0 it maps to, and the evidence behind each claim, over MCP and REST.