US Medicare Provider and Supplier Enrollment (42 CFR Part 424 Subpart P) 424.540: Avoid deactivation: submit a Medicare claim at least every 6 months, report changes on time, answer revalidation requests within 90 days, keep every enrollment requirement and a valid practice location; reactivate by recertifying or submitting a new application, and expect no payment while deactivated

CMS may deactivate billing privileges where the provider or supplier submits no Medicare claims for 6 consecutive calendar months, does not report a change to its enrollment information within the required period, does not furnish complete and accurate information and all supporting documentation within 90 calendar days of a CMS notice to submit or revalidate, is not in compliance with all enrollment requirements, has a non-operational or invalid practice location, is deceased, voluntarily withdraws, or is the seller in an HHA, hospice or DMEPOS change of ownership. The effective date is the date of deactivation, except that it is retroactive to the date noncompliance began, the location became invalid, the death, the withdrawal or the sale as applicable. To reactivate, the provider must recertify that its enrollment information is correct, furnish missing information and comply with all requirements, and CMS may for any reason require a complete new Form CMS-855; an HHA must obtain a new initial survey or accreditation; reactivation is effective on the date the contractor received the submission later approved; deactivation does not affect the participation agreement or conditions of participation, but no payment may be made for services furnished while deactivated.