OECD Recommendation on Artificial Intelligence (2024 Update)
Definitions and Scope

OECD Recommendation on Artificial Intelligence (2024 Update) 1: Updated AI System Definition, Foundation Models, and Generative AI Scope

Apply the updated OECD definition of AI system per the OECD Recommendation on Artificial Intelligence as amended 3 May 2024. The updated definition aligns with the EU AI Act and converging international consensus and defines an AI system as a machine-based system that for explicit or implicit objectives infers from the input it receives how to generate outputs such as predictions content recommendations or decisions that can influence physical or virtual environments. AI systems vary in their levels of autonomy and adaptiveness after deployment. The 2024 Update materially expanded scope to address foundation models + generative AI + agentic AI capabilities. Apply scope considerations covering (a) general-purpose AI models and systems including foundation models and generative AI + with consideration for downstream deployer responsibilities, (b) AI systems lifecycle covering plan and design + collect and process data + build and use model + verify and validate + deploy + operate and monitor, (c) AI actor roles per OECD taxonomy aligned with the 2024 Update including AI Developer + AI Provider + AI Deployer + AI End User + AI Subject + AI Third Party + AI Regulator + with role-specific responsibilities, (d) special considerations for frontier models with potential catastrophic risk profiles, (e) cross-framework interoperability with EU AI Act + NIST AI RMF + ISO/IEC 42001 + UK + US + Japan + Singapore + Canada AI governance frameworks.

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