FRLM measures THREE CRITERION OUTCOMES: (1) EXTRA EFFORT (EE) - the willingness of followers to EXCEED EXPECTATIONS + go beyond minimum requirements + put forth additional discretionary effort + heightened desire to succeed + try harder; predicted strongly by transformational leadership + augmented by transactional + significantly reduced by passive-avoidant. (2) EFFECTIVENESS (EFF) - achievement of organizational results + meeting job-related needs of followers + meeting organizational requirements + effective representation to higher authority + leading effective groups; integrated leader/group/organizational effectiveness criterion. (3) SATISFACTION WITH LEADERSHIP (SAT) - follower satisfaction with the leadership style + working relationship + methods used + work setting; affective + interpersonal outcome. MEASUREMENT: all three outcomes operationalised via MLQ 5X items + ANONYMOUS + 360-DEGREE FEEDBACK from peers + direct reports + supervisors; MLQ also includes self-rating + the gap between self + other-ratings is diagnostic. CORRELATIONS WITH FACTORS: meta-analytic correlations show strong positive associations between TF factors (especially IIA + IM + IS + IC) + the three outcomes; CR positive; MBEA mixed; MBEP + LF negative. CRITERION VALIDITY: well-established across studies + sectors + cultures.
The graph holds this control, the 0 it maps to, and the evidence behind each claim, over MCP and REST.